Duolingo: Learn Languages IPA Analysis

Explore package contents, native binaries, and declarations for this build.

Inside the IPA

Duolingo: Learn Languages

Duolingocom.duolingo.DuolingoMobile

← App page
Latest analyzed IPAv7.146.0
Build 7.146.0.15Record 8936139762026-10-23
Uncompressed files445.8 MBSum of recorded file sizes
Recorded IPA size190.5 MBSelected build · archive size
Files inventoried6,5988 file categories
Embedded libraries319Frameworks & dynamic libraries

Package footprint

What takes up space?

Uncompressed
Frameworks & libraries272.3 MB61.1% App executable159.9 MB35.9% Signing & receipts5.1 MB1.1% Other files5.1 MB1.1% Images & resources1.8 MB0.4% Configuration1.3 MB0.3% Audio & video343.2 KB0.1% Scripts45.0 KB0.0%

All 6,598 file sizes included. Select a category to explore its files. Categories are inferred from paths; archive and installed sizes differ.

Bundle structure

Space by folder

Top level
Frameworks/274.6 MB
6,019 files61.6% of measured size
App root165.0 MB
158 files37.0% of measured size
_CodeSignature/2.8 MB
1 files0.6% of measured size
PlugIns/1.4 MB
49 files0.3% of measured size
Other folders2.1 MB
371 files0.5% of measured size

Folders inside the app bundle, plus archive level files. “App root” groups files directly inside the .app.

Explore the package

File explorer

Find the heavy files, inspect paths, or filter by what they contain.

File / pathCategorySizeShare
DuolingoMobilePayload/DuolingoMobile.app/DuolingoMobile
DuolingoMobile		App executable159.9 MB35.9%
UnityFrameworkPayload/DuolingoMobile.app/Frameworks/UnityFramework.framework/UnityFramework
Frameworks/UnityFramework.framework/UnityFramework		Frameworks & libraries46.9 MB10.5%
DuolingoMultiplatformPayload/DuolingoMobile.app/Frameworks/DuolingoMultiplatform.framework/DuolingoMultiplatform
Frameworks/DuolingoMultiplatform.framework/DuolingoMultiplatform		Frameworks & libraries13.0 MB2.9%
global-metadata.datPayload/DuolingoMobile.app/Frameworks/UnityFramework.framework/Data/Managed/Metadata/global-metadata.dat
Frameworks/UnityFramework.framework/Data/Managed/Metadata/global-metadata.dat		Frameworks & libraries9.9 MB2.2%
RiveRuntimePayload/DuolingoMobile.app/Frameworks/RiveRuntime.framework/RiveRuntime
Frameworks/RiveRuntime.framework/RiveRuntime		Frameworks & libraries5.0 MB1.1%
MolocoSDKPayload/DuolingoMobile.app/Frameworks/MolocoSDK.framework/MolocoSDK
Frameworks/MolocoSDK.framework/MolocoSDK		Frameworks & libraries4.6 MB1.0%
CoreUIJuicyComponentsPayload/DuolingoMobile.app/Frameworks/CoreUIJuicyComponents.framework/CoreUIJuicyComponents
Frameworks/CoreUIJuicyComponents.framework/CoreUIJuicyComponents		Frameworks & libraries4.2 MB0.9%
FBSDKCoreKitPayload/DuolingoMobile.app/Frameworks/FBSDKCoreKit.framework/FBSDKCoreKit
Frameworks/FBSDKCoreKit.framework/FBSDKCoreKit		Frameworks & libraries4.1 MB0.9%
OpenSSLPayload/DuolingoMobile.app/Frameworks/OpenSSL.framework/OpenSSL
Frameworks/OpenSSL.framework/OpenSSL		Frameworks & libraries3.8 MB0.8%
WidgetFoundationPayload/DuolingoMobile.app/Frameworks/WidgetFoundation.framework/WidgetFoundation
Frameworks/WidgetFoundation.framework/WidgetFoundation		Frameworks & libraries3.0 MB0.7%
CoreUIJuicyPayload/DuolingoMobile.app/Frameworks/CoreUIJuicy.framework/CoreUIJuicy
Frameworks/CoreUIJuicy.framework/CoreUIJuicy		Frameworks & libraries3.0 MB0.7%
VungleAdsSDKPayload/DuolingoMobile.app/Frameworks/VungleAdsSDK.framework/VungleAdsSDK
Frameworks/VungleAdsSDK.framework/VungleAdsSDK		Frameworks & libraries2.9 MB0.6%
CodeResourcesPayload/DuolingoMobile.app/_CodeSignature/CodeResources
_CodeSignature/CodeResources		Signing & receipts2.8 MB0.6%
ContextSDKPayload/DuolingoMobile.app/Frameworks/ContextSDK.framework/ContextSDK
Frameworks/ContextSDK.framework/ContextSDK		Frameworks & libraries2.6 MB0.6%
BedrockInterfacePayload/DuolingoMobile.app/Frameworks/BedrockInterface.framework/BedrockInterface
Frameworks/BedrockInterface.framework/BedrockInterface		Frameworks & libraries2.5 MB0.6%
GRDB_5DC4DB053_PackageProductPayload/DuolingoMobile.app/Frameworks/GRDB_5DC4DB053_PackageProduct.framework/GRDB_5DC4DB053_PackageProduct
Frameworks/GRDB_5DC4DB053_PackageProduct.framework/GRDB_5DC4DB053_PackageProduct		Frameworks & libraries2.4 MB0.6%
Assets.carPayload/DuolingoMobile.app/Frameworks/CoreUIJuicy.framework/Assets.car
Frameworks/CoreUIJuicy.framework/Assets.car		Frameworks & libraries2.4 MB0.5%
FullStoryPayload/DuolingoMobile.app/Frameworks/FullStory.framework/FullStory
Frameworks/FullStory.framework/FullStory		Frameworks & libraries2.3 MB0.5%
LottiePayload/DuolingoMobile.app/Frameworks/Lottie.framework/Lottie
Frameworks/Lottie.framework/Lottie		Frameworks & libraries2.0 MB0.5%
sc55_piano_v2.sf2Payload/DuolingoMobile.app/Frameworks/Music.framework/sc55_piano_v2.sf2
Frameworks/Music.framework/sc55_piano_v2.sf2		Frameworks & libraries1.9 MB0.4%

Showing the 20 largest files of 6,598. Enable JavaScript to search and browse.

Native binary explorer

Every binary. Every architecture.

Inspect signed entitlements and permissions, load commands, memory layout, dependencies, symbols and runtime evidence for each slice.

325 binaries · 330 slices
arm64 / arm64eNo encrypted slicesParsed in 59.807s · 2026-10-28

Select a Mach O file

Choose a binary and architecture. Detailed tables load on demand, not with the initial page.

Integer fields use hexadecimal, without locale separators or loss of 64 bit precision. JSON downloads preserve the original numeric data. Tables retain up to 10000 records each, with totals and truncation markers. Signing data is descriptive; trust and code page hashes are not verified. Not disassembly.

Under the hood

Frameworks & engines

Embedded code and runtime evidence from this build, not other releases.

319 embedded libraries
UnityRuntime markers in package paths
Frameworks/UnityFramework.framework/UnityFrameworkFrameworks/UnityFramework.framework/Data/Managed/Metadata/global-metadata.datFrameworks/UnityFramework.framework/Data/Resources/unity default resources

Path based identification, not a verified engine version.

UnityFramework

63.7 MB

Framework

CoreUIJuicy

59.5 MB

Framework

DuolingoMultiplatform

13.0 MB

Framework

CoreUIJuicyComponents

6.4 MB

Framework

Music

5.3 MB

Framework

DUOStrings

5.1 MB

Framework

RiveRuntime

5.1 MB

Framework

LibWorldCharacter

4.9 MB

Framework

MolocoSDK

4.8 MB

Framework

FBSDKCoreKit

4.3 MB

Framework

WidgetFoundation

4.2 MB

Framework

ScoreUI

4.0 MB

Framework

Show 307 more libraries

OpenSSL

3.8 MB

Framework

DuolingoMath

3.7 MB

Framework

VungleAdsSDK

2.9 MB

Framework

VideoCall

2.9 MB

Framework

ContextSDK

2.7 MB

Framework

BedrockInterface

2.5 MB

Framework

Avatars

2.5 MB

Framework

FullStory

2.5 MB

Framework

GRDB_5DC4DB053_PackageProduct

2.4 MB

Framework

StreakFeature

2.3 MB

Framework

FocusFeature

2.1 MB

Framework

Lottie

2.0 MB

Framework

PathModels

2.0 MB

Framework

ChessUI

1.8 MB

Framework

YearInReview

1.8 MB

Framework

Bedrock

1.7 MB

Framework

GoogleInteractiveMediaAds

1.7 MB

Framework

CoreSwiftUI

1.7 MB

Framework

ContextSDKExtension

1.7 MB

Framework

NewYearsPromoAssets

1.6 MB

Framework

LeaderboardsUI

1.6 MB

Framework

Profile

1.6 MB

Framework

NewYearsPromo

1.5 MB

Framework

FBSDKLoginKit

1.3 MB

Framework

ChallengesUI

1.2 MB

Framework

ConfiantSDK

1.2 MB

Framework

OnboardingRecaptcha

1.2 MB

Framework

DuoradioUI

1.1 MB

Framework

Goals

1.1 MB

Framework

LearningAppUI

998.8 KB

Framework

RewardRoadPartnerEventsFeature

976.8 KB

Framework

PurchaseFlowFeature

940.8 KB

Framework

Onboarding

932.4 KB

Framework

PathUI

907.6 KB

Framework

LibPebbles

874.6 KB

Framework

FBSDKShareKit

872.9 KB

Framework

PurchaseFlowUI

866.0 KB

Framework

TimedChallengeFeature

792.7 KB

Framework

Excess_1829C7906121B1_PackageProduct

780.8 KB

Framework

LibNetworking

750.0 KB

Framework

FBAEMKit

714.1 KB

Framework

Algorithms_-79BF82D738C97CDC_PackageProduct

664.7 KB

Framework

CoreExperiments

650.8 KB

Framework

SupportProvidersSDK

650.4 KB

Framework

HomeScreenFABsUI

640.7 KB

Framework

ZendeskCoreSDK

638.5 KB

Framework

ChessSeasonalMatchFeature

605.0 KB

Framework

LibPersistence

594.5 KB

Framework

AdjustSigSdk

572.6 KB

Framework

IssueReporting

524.1 KB

Framework

UnitCheckInFeature

509.1 KB

Framework

opus

470.7 KB

Framework

LibLocalization

419.3 KB

Framework

SplashFeature

395.1 KB

Framework

Dependencies_40816CBEDFB225D3_PackageProduct

340.3 KB

Framework

OMSDK_Prebidorg

333.3 KB

Framework

Feed

313.3 KB

Framework

FriendStreakFeature

313.0 KB

Framework

ZIPFoundation_-14A6248D789D2CE9_PackageProduct

310.3 KB

Framework

LibLogging

309.1 KB

Framework

ReactiveCollectionsKit_-53222D207FFA9F10_PackageProduct

303.2 KB

Framework

CombineExt_-79D4E4FC45EBA808_PackageProduct

289.2 KB

Framework

GiftingHubFeature

282.8 KB

Framework

CourseSectionService

269.3 KB

Framework

FBSDKCoreKit_Basics

259.0 KB

Framework

ShopItems

256.9 KB

Framework

CocoaLumberjack

241.5 KB

Framework

ToastUI

240.1 KB

Framework

FocusExtensionData

232.9 KB

Framework

RewardsUI

229.0 KB

Framework

CombineSchedulers_-54F188414C11E20_PackageProduct

218.3 KB

Framework

ShieldConfigurationStrings

208.8 KB

Framework

OfflineSupportService

202.5 KB

Framework

LibNotifications

201.3 KB

Framework

LibLanguage

200.4 KB

Framework

APM

199.7 KB

Framework

DequeModule_307A0402D40AB265_PackageProduct

185.7 KB

Framework

BedrockNetworking

183.9 KB

Framework

Clocks_17A223499E7CA5_PackageProduct

173.6 KB

Framework

SnapKit_3965163F11347F41_PackageProduct

172.6 KB

Framework

Tutors

168.2 KB

Framework

CourseSectionServiceInterface

158.1 KB

Framework

SubscriptionUI

158.0 KB

Framework

UnityAds

153.1 KB

Framework

RewardsHubUI

150.3 KB

Framework

AppIcon

142.1 KB

Framework

ConcurrencyExtras_-2B4B167800F2E3ED_PackageProduct

140.1 KB

Framework

OneMonthFreeTrialFeature

139.9 KB

Framework

CocoaLumberjackSwift_-1418AB138818C6FA_PackageProduct

138.7 KB

Framework

XCTestDynamicOverlay_6187313334988FF6_PackageProduct

137.0 KB

Framework

FlashcardFrenzyFeature

136.7 KB

Framework

LearningAppLoggingService

134.5 KB

Framework

LearningAppLoggingServiceInterface

134.2 KB

Framework

MusicStrings

133.9 KB

Framework

LibTransliterations

133.1 KB

Framework

LibCamp

132.9 KB

Framework

LevelsFeature

128.5 KB

Framework

StreakRestorationFeature

126.2 KB

Framework

TieredChestFeature

126.0 KB

Framework

DesignGallery

124.2 KB

Framework

ReferralFeature

123.8 KB

Framework

StreakRepairGiftFeature

123.1 KB

Framework

StreakTieringUI

120.6 KB

Framework

LibArchitecture

118.1 KB

Framework

LibSkillModels

117.2 KB

Framework

CourseMutator

117.0 KB

Framework

LibTextToSpeech

113.8 KB

Framework

ProgressMilestoneFeature

109.8 KB

Framework

Mutex_CBEB9B65E18_PackageProduct

109.6 KB

Framework

Tagged_1C060B54F74AD2_PackageProduct

107.0 KB

Framework

RealModule_20918C39686D2FF4_PackageProduct

98.9 KB

Framework

ContactSyncFeature

96.6 KB

Framework

ClientExperimentDefinitions

95.3 KB

Framework

LibAssetRef

94.2 KB

Framework

Gzip_5DEFD7D7E_PackageProduct

93.8 KB

Framework

KudosFeature

92.9 KB

Framework

SnapshotPreferences_73E591310419ABD5_PackageProduct

92.5 KB

Framework

DeviceActivityMonitorStrings

92.5 KB

Framework

InAppPurchasesServiceInterface

92.4 KB

Framework

LibRiveHandle

91.9 KB

Framework

ApplicationLifecycle

91.8 KB

Framework

SentryServiceInterface

91.7 KB

Framework

ogg

91.3 KB

Framework

Lottie_19F76E9844E937_PackageProduct

89.9 KB

Framework

LoginRewardFeature

87.9 KB

Framework

LiveEventsFeature

82.0 KB

Framework

DuoLoginService

75.2 KB

Framework

SocialUI

71.9 KB

Framework

LibObjCExceptionC

71.8 KB

Framework

PacingResourceFeature

71.4 KB

Framework

LibTestingUtilitiesGeneric

71.3 KB

Framework

StreakSaverAlarm

67.6 KB

Framework

Referral

64.8 KB

Framework

Keyboard

61.0 KB

Framework

AppleCalendarIntegration

57.5 KB

Framework

GradeService

56.3 KB

Framework

Stories

53.0 KB

Framework

ExplanationsFeature

51.7 KB

Framework

ModularRive

48.8 KB

Framework

Sessions

45.3 KB

Framework

DebugToolsUI

44.9 KB

Framework

GoogleMobileAds

43.6 KB

Framework

SocialSharingUI

43.3 KB

Framework

PAGAdSDK

43.1 KB

Framework

FBAudienceNetwork

41.1 KB

Framework

UserMessagingPlatform

40.9 KB

Framework

Sentry

40.4 KB

Framework

InAppPurchases

40.1 KB

Framework

Hoots

39.3 KB

Framework

IronSource

39.2 KB

Framework

GoogleAppMeasurementIdentitySupport

39.2 KB

Framework

GoogleAdsOnDeviceConversion

39.0 KB

Framework

BUAdSDK

39.0 KB

Framework

GoogleAppMeasurement

39.0 KB

Framework

FirebaseAnalytics

39.0 KB

Framework

StreakFreezeGiftFeature

38.7 KB

Framework

ImmersiveSpeakFeature

38.6 KB

Framework

ChessSessionFeature

38.6 KB

Framework

InternalsService

38.6 KB

Framework

PurchasesFeature

38.6 KB

Framework

TutorTabFeature

38.6 KB

Framework

HomeMessaging

38.6 KB

Framework

BingoFeature

38.5 KB

Framework

FocusService

38.5 KB

Framework

GemsFeature

38.5 KB

Framework

FabFeature

38.5 KB

Framework

Sandbox

38.5 KB

Framework

DailyLearningTimerFeatureInterface

38.4 KB

Framework

StreakRestorationFeatureInterface

38.4 KB

Framework

AddPhoneNumberHomeMessageFeature

38.4 KB

Framework

ChallengeGradingServiceInterface

38.4 KB

Framework

MathUnitCheckInFeatureInterface

38.4 KB

Framework

ImmersiveSpeakFeatureInterface

38.3 KB

Framework

LiftoffMonetizeAdapter

38.3 KB

Framework

DebugSettingsFeatureInterface

38.3 KB

Framework

ExplanationsFeatureInterface

38.3 KB

Framework

ImmersiveSubscriptionFeature

38.3 KB

Framework

DynamicPathServiceInterface

38.3 KB

Framework

PacingResourceRewardFeature

38.3 KB

Framework

UnitCheckInFeatureInterface

38.3 KB

Framework

LiveEventsFeatureInterface

38.3 KB

Framework

AppleRemindersIntegration

38.3 KB

Framework

DailyLearningTimerFeature

38.3 KB

Framework

SubscriberAcquisitionData

38.3 KB

Framework

LibUnstableRuntimeConfig

38.3 KB

Framework

PacingResourceRewardData

38.3 KB

Framework

TutorTabFeatureInterface

38.3 KB

Framework

WordOfMouthSurveyFeature

38.3 KB

Framework

IronSourceAdapter

38.3 KB

Framework

BackgroundNotifications

38.3 KB

Framework

CartoonFeatureInterface

38.3 KB

Framework

ChallengeGradingService

38.3 KB

Framework

MonetizationExperiments

38.3 KB

Framework

SessionServiceInterface

38.3 KB

Framework

GemSinkPurchaseFeature

38.3 KB

Framework

MathUnitCheckInFeature

38.3 KB

Framework

PushNotifPromosService

38.3 KB

Framework

StreakFeatureInterface

38.3 KB

Framework

ActivityCenterFeature

38.2 KB

Framework

ApplicationNetworking

38.2 KB

Framework

BingoFeatureInterface

38.2 KB

Framework

CustomKeyboardManager

38.2 KB

Framework

FocusFeatureInterface

38.2 KB

Framework

GradeServiceInterface

38.2 KB

Framework

PartnerConnectFeature

38.2 KB

Framework

RocksServiceInterface

38.2 KB

Framework

SessionsDebugSettings

38.2 KB

Framework

TTSSyncedHighlighting

38.2 KB

Framework

TutorFeatureInterface

38.2 KB

Framework

DebugSettingsFeature

38.2 KB

Framework

GemsFeatureInterface

38.2 KB

Framework

LibUberchordAudioSDK

38.2 KB

Framework

SubscriberTabFeature

38.2 KB

Framework

UnityAdapter

38.2 KB

Framework

FamilyPlanPromoData

38.2 KB

Framework

FreeEMAAnnouncement

38.2 KB

Framework

LeaderboardsFeature

38.2 KB

Framework

SessionsObjCSupport

38.2 KB

Framework

StreakShieldFeature

38.2 KB

Framework

VideoCallPromosData

38.2 KB

Framework

MolocoAdapter

38.2 KB

Framework

DynamicPathService

38.2 KB

Framework

LearnerSpeechStore

38.2 KB

Framework

PracticeHubFeature

38.2 KB

Framework

RoleplayPromosData

38.2 KB

Framework

SessionsWordBankUI

38.2 KB

Framework

TimedChallengeData

38.2 KB

Framework

MetaAdapter

38.2 KB

Framework

AdventuresFeature

38.2 KB

Framework

ChallengesFeature

38.2 KB

Framework

FamilyPlanPromoUI

38.2 KB

Framework

LibSystemSettings

38.2 KB

Framework

MerchStoreFeature

38.2 KB

Framework

PlusPromotionData

38.2 KB

Framework

PracticeChallenge

38.2 KB

Framework

ShareCardsFeature

38.2 KB

Framework

SpeechRecognition

38.2 KB

Framework

XiaoHongShuOpenSDK

38.2 KB

Framework

AppRatingFeature

38.2 KB

Framework

CharacterTracing

38.2 KB

Framework

DuoRuntimeConfig

38.2 KB

Framework

FriendStreakData

38.2 KB

Framework

LibEditDistanceC

38.2 KB

Framework

PredictionModels

38.2 KB

Framework

ReactiveListView

38.2 KB

Framework

Transliterations

38.2 KB

Framework

VideoCallPromoUI

38.2 KB

Framework

AnalyticsBridge

38.2 KB

Framework

AnimationTester

38.2 KB

Framework

AttributionData

38.2 KB

Framework

ContactSyncData

38.2 KB

Framework

DuoradioFeature

38.2 KB

Framework

InLessonAvatars

38.2 KB

Framework

LibEditDistance

38.2 KB

Framework

MovementService

38.2 KB

Framework

TieredChestData

38.2 KB

Framework

VideoCallPromos

38.2 KB

Framework

CartoonFeature

38.2 KB

Framework

CoreAppSession

38.2 KB

Framework

FriendStreakUI

38.2 KB

Framework

GiftDrawerData

38.2 KB

Framework

SessionService

38.2 KB

Framework

UserNetworking

38.2 KB

Framework

AdAttribution

38.2 KB

Framework

DuolingoUnity

38.2 KB

Framework

PlusInterface

38.2 KB

Framework

RewardCardsUI

38.2 KB

Framework

SentryService

38.2 KB

Framework

SessionFlowUI

38.2 KB

Framework

StreakSociety

38.2 KB

Framework

BirdsEyeData

38.2 KB

Framework

ChessStrings

38.2 KB

Framework

ComboRunData

38.2 KB

Framework

DiscountData

38.2 KB

Framework

Leaderboards

38.2 KB

Framework

RocksService

38.2 KB

Framework

StreakGoalUI

38.2 KB

Framework

TutorFeature

38.2 KB

Framework

VideoCallTab

38.2 KB

Framework

MathStrings

38.1 KB

Framework

StoriesData

38.1 KB

Framework

TimedEvents

38.1 KB

Framework

VideoCallUI

38.1 KB

Framework

BRBFeature

38.1 KB

Framework

HintableUI

38.1 KB

Framework

MusicUIKit

38.1 KB

Framework

SessionEnd

38.1 KB

Framework

SessionsUI

38.1 KB

Framework

VideoCallC

38.1 KB

Framework

ButtonsUI

38.1 KB

Framework

EarlyBird

38.1 KB

Framework

FocusData

38.1 KB

Framework

LibSphinx

38.1 KB

Framework

TrialUser

38.1 KB

Framework

WordsList

38.1 KB

Framework

MathData

38.1 KB

Framework

PangleAdapter

38.1 KB

Framework

Settings

38.1 KB

Framework

AdsData

38.1 KB

Framework

Rewards

38.1 KB

Framework

Schools

38.1 KB

Framework

StatBar

38.1 KB

Framework

Artbot

38.1 KB

Framework

Hearts

38.1 KB

Framework

Chess

38.1 KB

Framework

Score

38.1 KB

Framework

Ads

38.1 KB

Framework

Framework sizes include their recorded resources, not just the executable. Library presence does not prove active use. A “+” indicates some constituent sizes are missing.

Recorded signals

Package details

Only the analyzed build

Privacy & permissions

Not recorded

No parsed privacy manifest or Info.plist signals available for this build. This is not a statement about tracking behavior.

Static observations

0 recorded

No observations recorded for this build. Missing findings are not a security assessment.

Analysis record
Method
Stored static package extraction and inventory; not a live security test.
Coverage
Only the selected build is represented. Missing data means not analyzed, not safe. Scanner identity and scan time are unavailable for sources that did not record them.
Recorded extraction times
2026-10-28T13:58:52.959167+00:00
Known version identifiers
780 (242 with metadata)

Browse version history on the app page →